The senology examination provides information about the presence of nodules whose nature will then be specified by more detailed examinations, such as risk factors and symptoms.
During the visit, information is collected regarding a possible positive family history of breast cancer, the age of appearance and disappearance of the menstrual cycle, age of first pregnancy, breastfeeding, diet, previous biopsies and therapies continuous hormones.
The guidelines of the American Cancer Society for asymptomatic women (women who do not have suspicious symptoms for breast cancer) predict that from 20 to 39 years, all women should undergo breast examination by a specialist doctor, at least every three years.
Instead, the woman who presents a symptom of any type to the breast should immediately contact the specialist who will take the breast examination and possibly advise further diagnostic tests.
With the examination the characteristics of the possible symptoms are analyzed, such as the swelling, the mastodynia and the nipple secretion, the shape, the dimensions, the symmetry and the profile of both breasts.
The skin (color, edema, retraction, swelling) and nipple (retraction, deviation and the presence of excoriations) are also evaluated.
Breast ultrasound is the study of mammary structure through ultrasound.
Ultrasonography is particularly useful in the characterization of benign lesions, such as cysts and fibroadenomas, which if definitely identified as such by this examination do not require further monitoring by mammography.
In women under the age of 30, ultrasonography is performed as a primary investigation in the presence of a palpable node.
In women over 30 years of age, in the case of a palpable node, it is advisable to associate a mammogram with an ultrasound scan.
Ultrasound should be performed in all patients, even asymptomatic, as a diagnostic completion of a mammogram in which a lesion or an alteration of the glandular structure has been detected.
The examination can be performed at any stage of the menstrual cycle.
Breast ultrasound is a diagnostic investigation that does not use ionizing radiation (x-rays) but ultrasound.
It is performed using a dedicated device, the digital ultrasound.
The patient is placed in a supine position on an examination table, with the chest uncovered. The doctor performing the examination pours a small amount of aqueous gel onto the area to be examined, which has the purpose of favoring the passage of the ultrasounds from the probe used for the breast examination.
The ultrasound probe is slid onto the breast and the image obtained is displayed instantly on the ultrasound monitor.
During the investigation some images are acquired to document the successful examination and the possible presence of significant findings.
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